Answer :
Final answer:
The due process clause is found in both the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments of the U.S. Constitution. It protects individuals from arbitrary deprivation of life, liberty, or property by the government. The Fifth Amendment applies to federal actions, while the Fourteenth Amendment extends this protection to the states.
Explanation:
The Constitutional Amendments and the Due Process Clause
The due process clause is found in two key amendments of the United States Constitution: the Fifth Amendment and the Fourteenth Amendment. It serves a critical role in protecting individuals against arbitrary actions by the government regarding their life, liberty, and property.
The Fifth Amendment states, "No person shall...be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law," which applies to federal government actions. Conversely, the Fourteenth Amendment extends this principle to the states, stipulating, "nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law." This duality ensures that both federal and state governments must adhere to principles of fairness and procedural justice.
Originally, the protections under the Bill of Rights applied solely to the federal government. However, through a process known as selective incorporation, significant elements of the Bill of Rights have been applied to the states via the Fourteenth Amendment's due process clause. This means that many rights, such as freedom of speech and the right to privacy, must also be honored by state governments.
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