Answer :
The major difference between longitudinal studies and cross-sectional studies is that cross-sectional studies occur at a single point in time, whereas longitudinal studies occur over an extended period of time.
Cross-sectional studies involve collecting data from different individuals or groups at a specific moment. This allows researchers to analyze the relationship between variables at that particular time. For example, a cross-sectional study may be conducted to examine the relationship between age and income by surveying individuals of different ages at a given point in time.
On the other hand, longitudinal studies involve observing the same individuals or groups over a period of time. This allows researchers to analyze how variables change over time and study the development or progression of phenomena. For example, a longitudinal study may be conducted to assess the effects of a particular intervention on academic performance by following a group of students from elementary school through high school.
In summary, cross-sectional studies capture data at a single point in time, while longitudinal studies involve observing individuals or groups over an extended period to analyze changes over time.
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