Know how methylation is inheritable in cell lines or sometimes from parents to offspring – know that the main regulatory step (usually during development) is de novo methylation

Know how RNA binding proteins can block translation: examples – 1) interfere with translation initiation (5’ UTR), 2) promote mRNA degradation by endonucleases (3’ UTR)

Know how iron response pathway uses RNA binding proteins to regulate translation for transferrin receptor or ferritin

Methylation inheritance involves the transmission of methylation patterns from one generation to another. The main regulatory step in this process is de novo methylation, which typically occurs during development. RNA binding proteins play a crucial role in gene expression regulation by blocking translation. They can interfere with translation initiation in the 5' UTR and promote mRNA degradation in the 3' UTR. In the iron response pathway, RNA binding proteins regulate the translation of genes involved in iron metabolism, such as transferrin receptor and ferritin.

Explanation:

Methylation inheritance refers to the transmission of methylation patterns from one generation to another. It can occur in cell lines or be passed from parents to offspring. The main regulatory step in methylation inheritance is de novo methylation, which usually takes place during development.

RNA binding proteins play a crucial role in gene expression regulation. They can block translation by interfering with translation initiation in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNA molecules. By binding to specific sequences in the 5' UTR, RNA binding proteins prevent the assembly of the translation initiation complex, inhibiting protein synthesis.

Additionally, RNA binding proteins can promote mRNA degradation by endonucleases in the 3' UTR. By binding to specific sequences in the 3' UTR, these proteins recruit endonucleases that cleave the mRNA molecule, leading to its degradation and preventing translation.

The iron response pathway is a cellular mechanism that regulates the translation of genes involved in iron metabolism. RNA binding proteins are key players in this pathway, controlling the translation of genes encoding proteins such as transferrin receptor and ferritin.

Transferrin receptor is responsible for the uptake of iron into cells, while ferritin is involved in iron storage. RNA binding proteins bind to specific sequences in the mRNA molecules of these genes, modulating their translation efficiency. This allows cells to regulate iron uptake and storage based on their iron requirements.

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