Answer :
Images of managing change such as the 'director' and 'navigator' have foundations in organization theory, revealing different leadership approaches to organizational change. ( director and navigator )
In Item 1 of the six images of managing change, the director and navigator images are rooted in the field of organization theory. These images represent different ways leaders perceive their role and capacities in the process of managing organizational change. The director image implies a more top-down approach where leaders direct the change process, akin to a director of a play, assuming they can control and manage all aspects of the change. The navigator image, while still assuming leaders have a significant role, acknowledges that there are many influences and constraints that can affect the outcome of the change process, hence leaders can steer but not fully control the outcome.
Understanding these images helps in recognizing that organizational change can be a highly complex and dynamic process, influenced by various internal and external factors. Leaders need to consider these factors to effectively manage change and navigate their organization through the process. Theoretical perspectives such as those proposed by Armenakis et al. (1993) on creating readiness for change and Kotter's (1996) stages of change model are foundational in guiding how change can be initiated and sustained in organizations.
